Vol. 2, Issue 1, Part A (2025)

Background: In Āyurveda, Rasa dhātu is the first formed tissue post-digestion and serves as the foundational nutritive fluid for the entire body. Its transportation and distribution, termed as Rasa Sāvahana, is a highly regulated process orchestrated by various physiological entities. Among the Pañca Prāṇa Vāyus, Vyāna Vāyu plays a pivotal role in circulating Rasa dhātu throughout the body via Srotasaḥ. Understanding the function of Vyāna Vāyu in Rasa Sāvahana is crucial for grasping the Ayurvedic model of systemic nutrition, circulation, and homeostasis. 
Aim: To critically evaluate the physiological role of Vyāna Vāyu in the process of Rasa Sāvahana and its relevance in maintaining systemic balance and nourishment. 
Materials and Methods: A textual review was conducted using classical Āyurvedic texts such as Charaka Saṁhitā, Sushruta Saṁhitā, and Ashtāṅga Hṛdaya, along with commentaries from Āyurveda Dīpikā, Nibandha Saṅgraha, and modern Ayurvedic physiology texts. Comparative analysis with modern cardiovascular physiology was also incorporated to correlate the function of Vyāna Vāyu with systemic circulation. 
Results: The review highlights that Vyāna Vāyu, located primarily in the heart (Hṛdaya) and pervading the entire body, is responsible for the propulsion and systemic distribution of Rasa dhātu. It ensures rhythmic flow through Rasavaha Srotasaḥ and assists in tissue perfusion. The activity of Vyāna Vāyu is closely linked with cardiac output, peripheral circulation, and coordination of motor and autonomic functions.
Conclusion: Vyāna Vāyu plays a central role in Rasa Sāvahana, acting as the vital force that drives the circulatory dynamics of Rasa dhātu. Any dysfunction in Vyāna Vāyu can lead to impaired tissue nourishment and systemic imbalance. The concept parallels the cardiovascular and autonomic regulation in modern science, indicating the profound foresight of classical Āyurvedic physiology.